Where is Cole Group vulnerable? What should it watch out for?

Question 2: Where is Cole Group vulnerable? What should it watch out for? As a company with millions of customer throughout 2, 900 stores, The Coles Group certainly be one of the top companies in Australia and New Zealand. However, it has lost its market share to the more enhanced and focused Woolworths company. The loyalty program battleground between two companies seemed more advantages over the Woolworths side since it gained 40% of market share with less on 50% advertising spending. There are some possible problems the Coles Group has to consider while managing its broad relationship marketing programs.First, their customer may find it very difficult to understand and remember all the complexity of saving points promotion. Second, it may cost even more in advertising and marketing to inform the customer all the benefits they can get from the diverse collection of Coles Group promotions. People are confused to count all the points, discount, actual value they can get from the FlyB uys card. On the other hand, The Woolworths offered the simple, logical program of discounts points via WoolworthsCredit Card, so the Woolworths can deliver these loyalty programs to the customer better. Moreover, with millions of members through FlyBuys and Coles Group Source MasterCard, the system may misreport the reward points for the customer and cause some serious customer complaints.References:Bianca Hartge-Hazelman. (2012, 11 July). The loyalty program battle ground .The Australian Financial Review. Retrieved 11 July 2012 from http://www.afr.com/p/personal_finance/portfolio/the_loyalty_program_battle_ground_4hwbD00hKdMWP6verYnLpN Madeleine Ross(2012, 7 Dec). Coles vs Woolworths: Who's winning?. Bandt.com.au. Retrieved 11 July 2012 from http://www.bandt.com.au/features/coles-vs-woolworths-the-battle-of-the-mega-marts http://wps.pearsoned.com.au/au_be_kotler_mktgmgt_1/85/21977/5626312.cw/-/5626314/index.html References cá » §a Case Coles Group. (2007). Welcome to Coles Group Limited. 1 November 2007, from http://www.colesgroup.com.au/Home/ Fenner, R. (2006, 31 July). Coles plans comeback to recoup market share [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 3 November 2007 from http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/07/31/bloomberg/sxcoles.php. Fenner, R., & Choudhury, A. (2006, 13 March). Coles Myer to offload its department stores [Electronic Version]. International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/03/13/bloomberg/sxcoles.php. FlyBuys. (2007). Frequent Questions [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from https://www.flybuys.com.au/flybuys/content/information/faq.html. Howarth, B. (2007, 3 October). Beer and nappies and so much more [Electronic Version]. The Age. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from http://www.smh.com.au/news/businessinnovations/beer-and-nappies-and-so-much-more/2007/10/22/1192941044453.html. smh.com.au. (2004, 19 July). Woolworths reports $27.9b annual sales [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 1 November 2007 from http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/07/19/1090089068573.html?from=storylhs. Woolworths. (2007). The fresh food people. Retrieved 3 November, 2007, from http://www.woolworths.com.au/

What is the role of hedge funds in the financial market

There has been rapid growth in the number of edge funds and their assets under management, suggesting they provide economic value to investors that is not available in other investment instruments. Their main aim is to reduce risk and volatility whilst attempting to preserve capital and deliver positive returns under all market conditions. They used a range of aggressive methods to invest in a wide array of assets to generate returns which have a very low correlation with traditional asset classes, creating a diversifying effect on a portfolio.This means they get a constant level of return, regardless of what the market does. Hedge funds tend to be illiquid as investors are limited in terms of when and how much money they are able to take out, therefore they are long term propositions. Originally, hedge funds were not subject to the public disclosure or regulatory reporting requirements that apply to other financial institutions, thus they had little or no regulatory oversight. But s ince the financial crisis, more regulations have been introduced, such as reporting under AIFMD; The Alternative Investment Funds Managers Directive.Also, from February 2014, they will have to report under Emir. Policy director in the BBA's Capital Market and Infrastructure division, Andrew Rogan, recently said â€Å"If [funds] don't comply with Emir, there are real consequences to how a business can use derivatives to protect itself from risk†¦ and you may even be shut out of the market completely. † The purpose of regulation is to protect investors. Although an element of secrecy between funds is kept in order to keep investment strategies to themselves, they can't do whatever they like with other peoples' money, so regulation had to be introduced.Markets function best when investors use ifferent information and strategies to manage, or hedge against, risk. Private investment companies provide valuable liquidity to financial markets in normal market conditions. In â₠¬Å"Hands Off Hedge Funds†, Sebastian Mallaby states that â€Å"by buying irrationally cheap assets and selling irrationally expensive ones, they shift market prices until the irrationalities disappear, thus ultimately facilitating the efficient allocation of the world's capital. † (Mallaby, 2007). Consequently, hedge funds can be less volatile than individual stocks or mutual funds.With the freedom to nvest wherever the managers believe they can perform better than the market, hedge funds broaden the use of investment strategies, increasing the number of investors, and enlarging the capital pools available and strengthening capital markets. Through flexibility, they are able to trade different securities in several markets at once, so opportunities for returns are maximised, improving risk management and encouraging innovation ot strategies, as well as financial products and services.There is also a competitive advantage as hedge funds attract human nd financial capital , contributing to a stronger economy. They can act as an incentive for businesses and individuals to invest because they offer the chance for money to be invested in a range of products, free from fraud and over-regulation, and increases in investment can influence economic growth and stability. Hedge funds also improve the efficiency of capital markets by helping to price securities more accurately. This minimizes market distortions, which in turn leads to better allocation of capital, financing growth, innovation and Job creation.Short selling, for example, may be a technique used by hedge funds and is sometimes seen as playing an essential part of the price discovery mechanism. Some researchers believe short interest is an indicator of poor stock performance, and that short sellers exploit market mistakes. Hedge funds have many different benefits such as diversification, flexibility and liquidity, but to the larger financial system they can provide innovation, reduction of mispri cing, gains in both growth and employment, and the provision of capital for technological and economic development.

Faith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Faith - Essay Example During that time, Christians who were caught and refused to commit fumie were imprisoned and subject a painful death known as â€Å"Anazuri† ( hung and bled to death over a pit ). It is through the harrowing experience of Rodriguez during his stay in Japan that he discovers the trials that his mentor has undergone. Unfortunately, even his own mentor was swallowed by pessimism. He was bitter in the end, swallowed by his own shame and guilt. In the end, he was betrayed by Kichiji-ro and Rodriguez commits the act of fumie. Being a historical fiction, the novel also relates the ties between Japan and the west because it recalls how the shoguns converted the people into Buddhism and launched a drive to expel missionaries. Apparently, the west had already begun its missions through St. Francis Xavier in 1549. The author always portrayed Rodriguez as Christ-like. His struggles of being the only Japanese in the university made him a reject, he was neither a Japanese nor French. He also contracted tuberculosis that resulted to one of his lungs removed that seemed to warn him how difficult it would be to pursue the search of his faith (Reinseima 2004 ) This was his main crisis in faith was only resolved when he met his former mentor in prison. Although it seems that every turn of his life was a block to his faith, it was only in the end that he recognized that these were not blocks at all. In fact, those struggles strengthened Rodriguez character and illuminated him in finding his faith . Moreover, his struggles like rejection, incarceration, persecution are the real mani- festations of having solid faith because despite the tribulations, Rodriguez searched for Christ. It was this unsettling silence of God that deeply troubled the main character Even at the beginning of the story, Rodriguez is already fascinated by the face of Christ. He would always wonder how Christ would look like in many situations such as kneeling in the Garden of Gethsemane. He

Ylindrospermopsin Alkaloids Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ylindrospermopsin Alkaloids - Research Paper Example CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The description of cylindrospermopsin alkaloids is such that they consist of three soluble water toxins that comprise of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) (1), 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (7-deoxy-CYN) (2) and also 7-epi-cylindrospermopsin (7-epi-CYN) (3). Researchers have signaled towards certain problems related to the toxicological characteristics of these natural compounds, their existence in water and which was followed by their removal. The structural features of these alkaloids are in fact extraordinary comprising of a sulfonated tricyclic guanidine linked to a uracil ring. The beginning of this analysis centers on the isolation of these innate products followed by the investigation into the environmental impact of cylindrospermopsin alkaloids contamination. (1) Figure 1. The cylindrospermopsin alkaloids of cylindrospermopsin (1),7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (2) and 7-epi-cylindrospermopsin (3). 1.1 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION Credited to Moore and his team usin g a combination of NMR and mass spetroscopy, the extraction of Cylindrospermopsin (1) took place in 1992 from the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. While 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (2) was discovered in 1999, owing to the purification of cylindrospermopsin which was performed on a regular basis. It was also concluded that the derivate of cylindrospermopsin could also exist in the form of a pair of tautomers because of the fact that the uracil ring’s vinylic proton was not identified during the application of the H NMR technique as shown in figure 2. However, as every sample of 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (2) was observed the incidence of the uracil group (4) was confirmed by examining the absorbance maximum (?max). Even... Credited to Moore and his team using a combination of NMR and mass spetroscopy, the extraction of Cylindrospermopsin (1) took place in 1992 from the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. While 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (2) was discovered in 1999, owing to the purification of cylindrospermopsin which was performed on a regular basis. It was also concluded that the derivate of cylindrospermopsin could also exist in the form of a pair of tautomers because of the fact that the uracil ring’s vinylic proton was not identified during the application of the H NMR technique as shown in figure 2. However, as every sample of 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (2) was observed the incidence of the uracil group (4) was confirmed by examining the absorbance maximum (ÃŽ »max). Even though, the measurement of approximate quantity was not possible, it was evident that as a mixture of compounds the natural material indeed existed. The discovery of the 7-epi-cylindrospermopsin took place in 20 02 and it was originally established that it was synthesized with Aphanizomenon ovalisporum. The approximation of cylindrospermopsin’s relative stereochemistry was made by considering the unusualtautomer enol presence of the uracil D ring. To explain the concept, uracil D as described in structure 6 is a intramolecularly hydrogen linked to a nitrogen terminus of the guanidine group. The NMR evidence was made to be the basis of the product correlation which understandably led the research participants to conclude that structure 7 was the most appropriate and relevant description of cylindrospermopsin (1).

Pleasant Airways Preliminary Marketing Plan Research Paper

Pleasant Airways Preliminary Marketing Plan - Research Paper Example The proposed airline’s mission is to revolutionize airline industry. As a new establishment, the airline will come with brilliant strategies to help in making the clients to have pleasant experiences while traveling. For a very long time, airline users have been treated to a straining booking and reservation process that has made many people to move from one service provider to another. With the coming of this new airline, no one will ever complain of the quality of services offered by the airline companies. The clients are treated with all the dignity and priority that they deserve. The company will employ a team of well-trained and experience staff to handle clients and treat them in a friendly manner. At the same time, the company will use modern aircrafts manned by experts to ensure that the clients get the only opportunity ever to enjoy and have a comfortable journey. Their safety will be guaranteed (Pinson, 2004).As anew entrant in the airline industry, the company will have to contend the stiff competition in the market. Potential threats will be expected to come from seasoned American airlines such as American Airline, US Airways, Delta Airline, Air Canada, United Airlines, JetBlue Airways and Virgin America Airline. These are established companies that now enjoy a larger share of the market. So, they are the ones who will pose a very stiff competition to this new airline.The strengths of the company are that it will use highly qualified professionals to conduct its operations.

Denver Facility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Denver Facility - Essay Example In this case, the inventory management problem is a part of operations scheduling problem. The timing of activities has a direct impact on resources and on time loading. Denver does not take into account the fact that the majority of people have a productivity rate of probably 60-70 per cent of the time they allocate to an activity. Also, the department collected data on the number of trucks only paying no attention to the daily volume on Tuesdays and Friday. The consequences of these issues are work overload and poor service (Barnett 1996). Another problem is product shortage caused by inefficient production facilities and absence of advance notice and ordering system. Loading procedure of the polyols leads to "queues that impede other plant traffic" and absence of proper safety measures. For instance, excess capacity gives rise to low resource productivity, while inadequate capacity or means poor customer service. Decisions made in other areas have a direct impact the other area. Capacity decisions have a direct impact on system performance and on both resource utilization and customer service. It is important to note that organizations cannot operate without good capacity management.

Parental education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Parental education - Essay Example The failure of many adults to succeed is rooted in the poor parenting skills of those who raised them, thus suggesting that required parental education would benefit society as a whole. A society has the right and the obligation to define how its members will interact within the ideological framework of its culture. One of the biggest problems in the United States is that most people do not have generations of ancestors who came before them on which to base their cultural belief systems. Therefore, the way in which parents pass their heritage to their children is often convoluted and without social structure, the design of the community not based upon generations of cultural belief systems, but a patchwork of concepts that do not inform those who are trying to find a way to raise their children on exactly what is best in regard to their future. As witnessed in the disrupted families within the two parallel stories of Wes Moore, when the struggle to survive creates a gap between what is life and what one thinks life should be, the frustration can lead children to some very poor decisions that can impact the rest of their lives. Because of the gaps that leave many children struggling to acculturate within their own native society, the concept of parent education is one way that this social problem can be combated. The difficulty, however, is that parenting is a complex activity that is comprised of a number of roles and a wide path of responsibilities. According to Chase-Lansdale and Pittman, list the number of functions of a parent as including â€Å"nurturing, discipline, stimulation, values, activities, and routines† (167). In the process of promoting good parenting skills within those who were at a socio-economic level to receive state assistance for their families, parenting classes have been a part of the reforms. Chase-Lansdale and Pittman have concluded that programs with generous work supports and flexible work requirements have lead to different choices within the family and have promoted, not only better parenting skills, but more stable marriages and less violence between partners which has lead to overall natural better parenting (167). The following factors in the methods of parenting have been instrumental in creating children who make better life choices: warmth and responsiveness, control and discipline, cognitive stimulation, modeling, gate keeping, and family routines and traditions (Chase-Lansdale and Pittman 168). The characteristics of a parent are central to the way in which the parent will provide positive examples of these factors. Chase-Lansdale and Pittman state that â€Å"Single mothers tend to have less positive interactions with their children and provide less firm and consistent discipline as compared with mothers in two-parent households†¦primarily because single mothers have more stressors in their lives† (171). This suggests that parents who are experiencing high levels of stress are not as capable of focusing their positive life experience on their children. According to Carlson and Tanner, parents are the â€Å"primary socialization agents for children†, thus the way a parent approaches life will be passed down to children,

Story Script Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Story Script - Assignment Example I’ll call her right away. I don’t know yet, he wouldn’t tell me anything when we met. The receptionist said we can go right into the doctor’s office when we’re ready, though. He wants to talk to us about TYLER. It can’t be good news, MARK. I’m so afraid. I just want to see our little boy, to hold him and know he’s safe. Let me first say that I know you must both be experiencing great pain. I am so sorry to tell you that Tyler’s condition is extremely serious. The accident has caused severe head trauma. We have been trying to control the damage, but there is nothing more we can do to help Tyler. You must prepare yourselves: Tyler does not have long to live, no more than an hour. I am so sorry to be the bearer of this news. We truly mourn for you and your family, and wish there was more we could do. I know you must be very overwhelmed, but I have one more matter to discuss with you. Tyler has joined the Donate Life Registry (donatelife.net). He would like to give up his body and organs to help others after he is gone. However, the final decision regarding this is up to you as his remaining family. I know it is a difficult issue, and one that must be resolved quickly, but I will leave you as much time as I can. Please discuss this and I trust you will let me know as soon as you are able. Once again, please accept my deepest condolences. What, at the cost of putting aside your family again? Tyler should have been with you today, Mark. You should have put him first and picked him up from school. The last time he saw us together, we were arguing about who would pick him up. He That isn’t fair, Joyce! I admit that I didn’t always keep my priorities straight. But I love Tyler. He knows that. You know that. Yes, I regret today, and I always will. But who knows if I could have made a difference? Maybe I would have been in that car with Tyler and it still would have crashed. Maybe I

UNIT 1 EXERCISE Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

UNIT 1 EXERCISE - Assignment Example Sometimes, when I have to study and write a paper I visit a nearby coffee shop to keep my mind from stressing out. 1. Discover the type of procrastination: There are four basic types of procrastination styles. Dreamers have big plans but they seldom work to translate them into specific plans, let alone realize the dream. Worriers focus on worst-case scenarios and move away from their objectives instead of focusing on the main idea. They are problem- oriented rather than solution finders. Defiers resist new tasks or may even take new tasks up but don’t follow them through till the end. The plans never materialize and are dropped half-way through. Overdoers create extra work for themselves and then run out of steam. This makes them drop their projects ultimately. Perfectionists don’t start projects for fear of making mistakes or failure. Discovering individual styles makes one change behavior easily. Worriers need to focus on positives as well and keep focus of the project. Defiers need to take up new tasks and see them through the end. Perfectionists need to lower their standards and accept that mistakes will be a learning experience. 2. Trick the mind into starting a project: Believing and ranting that I will not start a book or a write-up or study can work as long as the mind believes it to be true in actuality. Once a task is started the momentum and interest of the task is enough to carry a person through the task to the end. 3. Think ahead: Procrastination can be put off if a calendar is maintained. Whether one is accustomed to work under pressure or not, maintaining a calendar always minimizes the last minute haphazardness. I could use up the commuting time for study by making a CD of my notes and listening to them while I travel. I would also like less social commitments which will free up my time for study. This can be accomplished by partying twice a month, having in-house

Great Expectations And Relate These To The Novel As A Whole Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations And Relate These To The Novel As A Whole Essay Discuss the Significance Of The Events, Which Occur In Chapter Eighteen of Great Expectations And Relate These To The Novel As A Whole I shall now discuss the significance of chapter eighteen, and how the effects of this chapter relate to the whole novel, Great Expectations. In Great Expectations, the names of the characters symbolize their personalities. For example, Biddy is a very timid person who will do your bidding obligingly. Then Pip is a small and insignificant sounding name, just like the actual character is. Jaggers, is a man with sharp wit, and features, he has a bullying manner, which can cut you up in front of an audience, just like a jagged knife. Pip on his first encounter with Jaggers comments on how the smell of scented soap came from his hand. This is symbolism. One does not wash ones hands unless they are dirty, and since Jaggers is a criminal lawyer, they must be prone to doing illegal or immoral acts, in order to save his clients. Hence, he always has to wash his hands, in a sense, so that he is not caught by the courts, and found guilty of anything. To prevent any legal trouble, Jaggers puts a lot of thought into the way he phrases his dealings with clients. He makes sure that he does not give any personal opinions, and makes sure that the clients remember the dealings as he wants them to, so if they are questioned, then his name does not come up for recommending, or ordering the client to commit any actions of moral or legal wrongdoing. For example, when he is dealing with Pip, he makes sure that Pip rephrases his statement, much obliged for his (Jaggers) recommendation since Jaggers recommending anything, can be counted as being involved with the crime. He makes sure that Pip uses the word mention instead. This is how Jaggers makes sure his hands are clean of any dirt, because he never recommends anybody Jaggers job is a performance for him. He is a performer, and a better one then Wopsle, which is proved when he battles with him about the highly popular murder. One of Jaggers performances is with his handkerchief that he pulls out whenever he wants a person to confess some knowledge to him. This is because it makes the audience want to confess before he sneezes, it is a dramatic performance, and has aided Jaggers many times. This tells us a bit about the justice system in those times, where defending criminals, and getting them off the death sentence was a performance of techniques, and bullying the jury into letting off the criminals. This shows how the justice system in the days was not efficient at putting the real criminals out of the streets, since a few dramatic movements and a bullying of the jury could sway the scales of justice the wrong way. Dickens is a great social critic, and he criticizes the inefficiency of the justice system in those days. The justice system would be less harsh on criminals who were gentleman, then on criminals who were not. If you knew the right people, wore the right clothes, and looked the right part, you were more likely to get away with the crime. Also if you were a gentleman this made you less reason to have commit a crime in the first place(in the judges eyes), and youll get a lighter sentence then if you were coarse and common. A perfect example of this is the Magwitch/Compeyson trial. Although it was actually Compeyson that led Magwitch aside, because he knew the right people and because he was a gentleman, he managed to pass most of the blame onto Magwitch. Compeyson got a sentence of seven years, and Magwitch fourteen years, just because Compeyson was a gentleman. In chapter 18, when Jaggers is discussing with Pip and Joe the situation of Pip having Great Expectations, he offers Joe a compensation (Wemmicks property) for the loss of his (Pip) services Joe denies the compensation, but Jaggers, who is completely, shocked of this news keeps on badgering him, because he thinks Joe is a fool not to accept the money. He also says, Brag is a good dog, but that holdfast is better which means that Jaggers is telling Joe, to say he doesnt want the compensation is nothing, but to actually keep by the word is something else. Joe to everyones surprise gets up in a mood of rage, to fight Jaggers, for badgering him in his own home. This shows us that Joes character is un-materialistic, and to be offered money is not something he is pleased by, as a replacement for his friend. It also shows us that Joe is not the type of man who can be bullied in his own home, by a man like Jaggers. Jaggers thinks Joe is a fool for not accepting the compensation offered. This shows us that the type of clients Jaggers deals with are probably materialistic, and not very moralistic, and maybe Jaggers himself has become like this by working with those types, and to meet someone who is noble and honest, like Joe, must be quite rare and surprising to him. Pip has Great Expectations of becoming a gentleman, of getting out of his social class, ever since Estella had criticized him of his course hands. Although, when Pip is about to finally get his wish he starts to become unknowingly dissatisfied, he feels he does not want to leave his old life too, subconsciously he will miss the love and care he has received from Joe, and newly from Biddy. In some ways, his great expectations have failed, and shall continue to as his life progresses. Also, Pip starts to become snobbish, and disloyal to his people He accuses the caring people he has known his whole life, to act coarse and common if he were to go and show them his gentlemen clothes. This tells us about Pips character, he is the type who would leave his old friends behind, for a better, more promising life. Although, somewhere in his subconscious Pip feels guilty for these acts, and he suffers because he knows he is acting basely. When the older Pip on reflects the selfish acts he had committed against loved ones when he was young, he criticizes them. When he is discussing with Jaggers about his future life, he reflects on how he was so ready to leave and so unthankful to Joe. At the time, Pip was thinking of his future as a Gentleman, of how his Great Expectations will be fulfilled, and he was being selfish at the time, for not being grateful for what Joe had given him so far. Although, elder Pips reflection is very different, he realizes his mistakes and says how he sees Joe again, how hurt Joe felt because Pip was going to leave him, how he still feels his strong and faithful arm upon his shoulder as if it had been the rustle of an angels wing! Another example is when he says to Biddy, You are envious, Biddy, and grudging. You are dissatisfied on account of my rise in fortune, and cant help showing it. I think this behavior by Pip is the worst because he thinks that he is superior to Biddy, who is so timid, and caring. The elder Pip criticizes on his actions here, for speaking in a virtuous and superior tone When Pip was got his wish to become a gentleman, through Jaggers, he became emotionally blind. Even when Joe and Biddy, congratulated Pip on his fortune of going to become a gentleman; there was a certain touch of sadness in their congratulations that I rather resented. This really shows how foolhardy and unfeeling Pip was at that time. Since the touch of sadness was actually because they both love Pip, and shall miss him and his company once he is gone. The significance of chapter 18 is great, since it is the chapter where Pip gets his wish to finally become a gentleman. Also, it is where we, the audience, see how emotionally blind, and how focused on the superficial things about a person Pip begins to become. It is where Pip and we are introduced to the bullying figure of Jaggers, and also the foreshadowing hint of Pips unhappiness in his life to come.

The Difference Between International Banking And Global Banking Finance Essay

The Difference Between International Banking And Global Banking Finance Essay To define a banking system as International or Global is quite difficult because there is no clear-defined Bank system model. We can make a certain classification by looking at the way in which foreign assets are funded and liabilities are managed. The international model of banking system relies more in Centralised funding which means that assets funds and liabilities (gathered mostly by bank domestic market) are shared among the main Bank units and then allocated to other member of the banking group. While Multinational or Global Banking has a more decentralised tendency which means that funds and liabilities are local claims. To diminish our uncertainties regarding the banking classification we can see the currency in which rely the bank assets and liabilities. In this way we can see the dependency on foreign exchange of the cross-border funding. International Banking is very dependent on foreign exchange rather than Global Banking which use local currencies and consequently elimi nates transfer and exchange rate risks. Identify five ways in which a bank headquartered in the USA can fund loans to a borrower in Japan, and classify them as examples of international or global banking Real life examples can give us a better understanding of Banking System models. We can take into account a Bank which its main offices are situated in USA. We can distinguish five ways where this bank can fund loans to a borrower located in Japan. Looking carefully the way this funding is done, we can make a certain classification as International or Global Banking. USA customers deposit their money to Bank Head Office which follows these funds to Japan gives them as loans to Japan borrowers. Since this process involves cross-boundary it is considered as International Banking. USA customers deposit their savings to Head Office which in turn deposits these funds at its Bank Unit in Japan. The Bank unit can give these funds as loans to Japan borrowers. This is also an International banking system. Another way to move funds is that Head Office gets Japan deposits and in turn gives loans to Japan borrowers who need financing. So the whole process is done by the head office in USA without involvement of any bank unit or USA saver. This is International Banking classification again for the same reason. If a Bank unit in Japan takes deposits from Japan savers and gives these funds as loans to Japan Borrowers then we are in the same country, so it called Global Banking system. Still we have the same system as the last one when the USA saver deposit their saving to Bank units in Japan and the funds goes for Japan borrowers. The ratio of locally funded foreign assets to total foreign assets is referred to in the reading. What value will this take for a pure global bank? What will be the value for a pure international bank? Use the data provided in you case study to illustrate this. The foreign assets, especially the ratio of cross-border assets to locally funded ones, is the best measurer to classify a banking system as International or Global. Since it is difficult to have a banking system totally Global, this measurer ratio would be, (total local assets)/(total foreign assets)=1. For banking system totally International this ratio would be 0. If we have another measurer ratio such as, (total cross-border assets)/(total foreign assets)=0 for Global Banking and 1 for International banking. These are the sides of the segment and the most of the banks relies between these sides. Identify five reasons for the move away from international and towards global banking since 1980s. According to BIS reporting data at the reference Global Banking System, we can see the movement that banking system had during certain different periods. If we choose a starting point such as year 1980 till now, we can see that Global banks has been expanded more than International ones. Especially US Banks local claims has been increased by 400% instead of the foreign claims which were increased by 55% (Bis Reporting Data table). We can identify some reasons to explain how this shifting is done: Most of Bank strategies tended to increase their assets and liabilities in foreign markets. This goal is achieved by trying to make the saving customers into more credit card holders or mortgage customers. Another reason for the shift was by increasing the market of Bonds and Securities. So, the aim was to increase borrowers of local obligations or local government bonds. The period of 80 is known as Debt Crisis, where most of the banks couldnt pay back their debts (region as Latin America was most hit by this crisis and also other well-developed countries). In such Market Risk, moving toward global banking was a good solution to reduce risk. Also, having different currencies in different countries makes the exchange of currencies very risky for bank transaction and funding. So, having the funds in a country and investing those funds there eliminates this kind of risk. Acquisitions of cross border banks and by expanding existing operations was one of bank strategies that makes banks more and more global. If we look back at 90s the data show an increase of inflows in some developed countries by 21 % (UNCTAD (2001)) and this came by merging and acquisitions. Another reason for expansion of Global Banking are the countries restriction which are becoming more and more easy in the meaning that they are becoming more opening to new financial institutions. Having lots of country boundaries like financial laws or any other restrictions makes the global system quite difficult to enlarge. Why is Europe an exception? use data from you case study Reading through the article Global International Banking, we can see that the regions involved are mostly of USA or Asia. So, Europe its not so much involved in this kind of Globalisation. Even from the data in table 1 ( BIS Report 2001) we can see that Europe countries has a high number on international claims (Europe area shares almost 38.6 %of international claims vs all countries and Western Europe shares 62.2%) This is possibly due to the main head offices which are located in Europe, in countries like London, Amsterdam, Zurich and Luxemburg and thus they tend to have more cross-border activities. These activities are also strongly related to Europe money market. The goal is to have cross-border funds in order to strength the position of Euro currency and also to increase local claims in Europe. Also many large business companies tend to have securities and obligations in other countries outside Europe using the funds raised up in Europe in euro currency. Such activity increases the competition between these large companies and tends to avoid main retail transactions in Europe countries. Also there are other factors that exclude Europe from this shifting towards global systems such as, Institutional ones. The existence of Cartel groups makes difficult the shift because of the fear of losing the group value. Also most of the Europe banks are affected by different regulatory systems, differen t tax and labour laws, accounting and reporting systems, and also having different country restrictions in Europe, impede the shifting to global systems. Distinguish between Transfer Risk and Country Risk. How does global banking diminish Transfer Risk? Every banking system, International or Global involves certain kinds of risk such as Country Risk, Transfer Risk and other risks hanged on by the institution itself. Since these systems lay down in different countries, they face the countries restrictions e.g country economic, political, social. From this tendency comes factor such as interest rates, currency evaluation or other issues (not dependant on country economy, such as natural disasters) which may affect a lot the foreign investor. The risk that arises from the country, in which it is being invested, is called country risk. Part of such risk can be considered Transfer Risk. This is due to preclusion of exchanging the foreign currency to the country one to make transactions. The transfer risk is limited to country in the terms of the countrys demand for foreign currency and also to the foreign exchange which could fluctuate in different periods. Investing in one country and using those funds for loans or other possible invest ments, like global banking does, diminish the transfer risk in terms of currency devaluation. International banking involves funds transfer through the countries and in this way the transfer risk is at high levels. During the Argentine crisis, USD deposits and USD loans were treated differently by the Argentine authorities. Deposits remained in USD, while loans could be repaid in pesos at a devaluated exchange rate. What are the implications of this for global banking strategies? Include some data from the case study When a country is in financial crisis, happens that lots of foreign investors move away, inflation goes up, unemployment arises and other effects take presence in that country like Argentina in our case. The Argentine government took a decision to treat bank deposit in USD and loan instalments to be paid in pesos. Having peso currency depreciated, makes that the exchange rate between Dollar and Peso to be high (more peso for one dollar). When the exchange rate is high, the effect it has on interest rate is that it goes down. by keeping at low level the interest rate of the country, more money will be in circulation, and more cash flows for any investment. In this kind of situation, Argentina can be attractive to new investors, especially global banks which operate locally. The government decision has an effect on local claims in local currency. In this way the peso currency gains strength foreign reserve in USD can be kept at the same level as the cash circulation. Since the ratio lo cal claims versus international claims was 34% (table 1, BIS reporting (2001)) the government tented to increase such ratio. Argentina is a good example of shifting from international to global system because such a decision helps global strategies to be developed in this country and to diminish transfer risk. Part Two: Capital Flows in East Asia since the 1997 crisis In what sense can the net capital outflows from East Asia since the 1997 crisis be said to have supported the global economic and financial system in recent years? Explain your answer fully. The 1997 was a year to be remembered for countries like Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and other countries that form the East Asia region. Due to lack of financial system and poor governance, those countries were affected by stock market devaluation, asset prices going down and also currency devaluation. Having such financial problems, lots of investors move away causing capital withdraws. But since then, gradually improvements have been made by passing from account deficit to account surplus valued at $88 billion. Current account balance surplus or deficit shows how well the net foreign assets of that region are and in the calculation are included government or private payments of the certain period. The net capital flows from East Asia to other part of the world involved the creation of foreign exchange reserves. Viewing the data (BIS Quarterly Review (2003)) between two references of times 1998 and 2003, we can see that the region reserves has been growing time after time, increasing in this way the global reserve by almost 50%. But the usage of this reserve didnt focus on region domestic investment but to other part of the world. The country, which played a great role in region recovery, was United States. Having current account deficit in the same period, at about $240 billion (BIS Quarterly Review (2003)) United States imported for East Asia region a net value of $116 billion. In other word we can say that United States invested in Asian assets with high risk and the region gradually transferred the risk to global markets which want to diversify their investment portfolios. Despite this growing there are some criticisms regarding how well can this reserve be used on the region itself and not to the rest of the world. But what are the benefits from the yield of the foreign exchange reserve comparing to the investment inside the region. What can be the profits in each case? The region main profits on the first case are by balance payments in order to have assets in financial markets at the rest of the world, and this is called risk free global market. The other case is to invest in the region, and in this way to improve the regions financial market. Some critics believe that in the last case there will be much more profits than the first one and makes the reserve less rational. Another critic is done to the net Capital outflows in the sense of externalities involved in the process. As we all now, Externalities are behaviours or any financial decision which dont takes into account the country or region interest. In our discussion we can say that the resources of the region are putting into work for the other part of the world rather then for the private companies or corporate. In what sense have the gross flows of capital into and out of East Asia involved an international exchange of risk that is restoring and strengthening national and corporate balance sheets in the region and rendering the regions economies more resilient? Explain your answer fully. Capital flows have two point of view in which has to be seen, capital inflows or capital entering in the region and capital outflows or capital going out of the region. Both ways of flows involves risk in the process, but this risk involves different counterparties. What is in common, is that Capital flows in East Asia has been influenced by so called, Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) which was the main source of capital inflows in the region and data shows that before the 1997 crisis the region was receiving almost 20% of global FDI. Even after the crisis, the region had some difficulties to attract new investments but still the FDI were at high level, especially in China. The main FDI for the region are USA, Japan and investments between the regions countries. In 2002 East Asia was having 16% of net USA FDIs and 15% of Japan net FDIs. Also, having trade arrangement between regions countries is one of the possible investments flows. Being in an international exchange of capital flow s, it involves risk for sure and it comes in different forms such as, portfolio investments and bank channels. Equities of portfolio in the region went down after the crisis, especially in Thailand (80% between 1996 and 1998 (Graph 5, BIS Quarterly Review (2003)). Gradually region equity market got some strength and local equities versus international equity began to be more correlated. This was due to exports, industrial production and the region economy as a whole. Even, foreign bank lending to the region fell dramatically after the crisis. If we look at graph 6 (BIS Quarterly Review (2003)) we can see that Japanese banks reduce their claims on East Asia. Some of East Asia banks sold their debts to USA investor and other corporate bonds were sold in international market. In contrast to counterparties involved in the inflow of capital process, the outflow process is through bank channels. After the crisis East Asia began to buy securities of US Treasuries, US Agencies and some European and Japanese government debts which we know that they are low risk. Also banks began to have deposits outside the region, in international banks. Paying back low-risk debts and selling its own equities, East Asia was giving to the outside world secure capital and in turn its financial structures, such as corporate balance sheets were getting stronger. But if we compare the yield from capital inflows and the yield from capital outflows, data shows that East Asia during 1997-2002 is getting less than its giving. But, from this exchange of capital the region is getting liquidity. But, how much could East Asia earn if the capital on gross basis have been invested in the region and not to flow outside it. Till now, only USA had more benefit by East Asia, and local market bond of the region has been left behind.

The Lottery :: essays research papers

In the days of Jesus through the mid 1900’s, people had many different superstitions, or beliefs, about life. People believed if they were to do certain things, they would have good luck. Like Indians used to do a dance, called the â€Å"Indian rain dance†, when they wanted it to rain so it would help their crops or even their heritage. It was a dance people still believe in today, but those people don’t know that the reason they said it worked was because the Indians didn’t quit dancing until it rained. There are many superstitions in today’s time as well. I know that in the game of baseball many different players have different superstitions. Just like David Wells, when he used to pitch for the New York Yankees, believed if he listened to Metallica before every game he pitched he would have a good game. But regardless if David Wells listened to Metallica or not, he would still pitch the same if he didn’t listen to them. All I am saying is that Shirley Jackson, when she wrote The Lottery, in 1948, was trying to show everyone about the different superstitions, or beliefs, each culture, town, or village had and how bad they were. Even the kids in the village got ready for the lottery, it didn’t faze them, and all they knew was that it was just an event that happened every year. After all, villages, tribes, or cultures have many different traditions they all tend to put their full trust in. The lottery is a drawing that takes place on June 27th of every year, right before the crop season. Everyone who lives in the village, even the children, draws a piece of paper from the black box and doesn’t look at it until everyone draws theirs. When everyone finishes drawing, you turn your piece of paper over and the one with the mark on in, which is marked with coal, is the one who wins the lottery. But if you this lottery it isn’t a good thing. The person who wins the lottery, the one with the marked sheet of paper, gets stoned to death. The villagers believe that if they have a lottery before cropping season they will have a good season. This is one of those beliefs, or superstitions, they have that makes everyone think that everything is going to become good.

With You Until The End Essay -- Oscar Wilde The Devoted Friend Essays

With You Until The End 1. The story, "The Devoted Friend", is a lesson to be learned. It shows how one can manipulate as well as how one can be manipulated. It also shows just how far some people will go for a friend. In this case, Hans gave up taking care of his garden to help a "true" friend and died doing so. Author Oscar Wilde gives good detail of the characters and sets up conflicts within the plot to emphasize on the theme, a devoted friend is one that is with you, and will do anything for you, until the very end. 2. In the opening scene of the story a few minor characters are introduced, including the narrator, the Green Linnet, a little bird with tiny wings. The narrator tells this story to a water-rat, an old rat with bright, beady eyes and stiff grey whiskers. He felt it pertained to the rat because of how critical the rat was being of the pure white mother duck that had bright red legs. All she was trying to do was teach her children, who looked like little yellow canaries, how to fit into society and the rat was making rude comments. 3. As the Linnet told the story, he told about Hans, a little man with a funny, round, good humored face. Hans had a very kind heart and was an extremely devoted friend. This was proven throughout the story in him neglecting his garden to help his dearest friend, Hugh the Miller. The Miller was a big man who was fairly well off, he had a hundred sacks of flour, six cows, and a flock of sheep. He took great advantage of Hans because Hans believed they were best friends and the Miller often reminded him of that. The Miller used guilt to manipulate Hans into doing whatever he needed done, without ever returning the favor. 4. The tone throughout the story is ... ...t have Hans doing things for him, he was taking from Hans’ garden his most beautiful flowers and best fruits. 10. The second most obvious conflict in the story was Thought versus Action. Hans was always thinking how much attention his garden needed and by helping the Miller he would be neglecting his garden, yet he always did exactly what the Miller asked of him without hesitation. The Miller also knew exactly how to manipulate Hans by using guilt, and he put that into action every time he needed something done for him. 11. "The Devoted Friend" was a perfect example of how much friendship means to some and how little it means to others. It showed how easy it was to manipulate others and be manipulated by others. But, the most important thing it showed was just how far a person would go to help a friend even though it means sacrificing many things.

The Paradox of Rich-to-Poor Capital Flow Essay -- North-South Capital

According to the Solow Growth Model, all countries will eventually converge to their long run steady state. If we consider the usual assumptions, of countries producing the same goods with the same constant returns to scale production technology, using (homogenous) capital and labour as factors of production, differences in income per capita income will reflect differences in per capita capital. Therefore, essentially if capital is allowed to flow freely, new investments should occur only in the poorer economy. However this is certainly not the case in reality. Most of the net capital flow in the past four decades has been north-to-north (rich countries investing in other rich countries), rather than north-south (rich economies investing in poorer ones) as predicted by the Solow Growth Model. Lucas (1990) compares the USA and India using data from 1988 to show that capital does not flow from rich to poor countries as predicted by the neoclassical growth model, and in setting out his simple framework he illustrates the paradox that exists. Assuming a production function y = Ax^B, the relative marginal productivity of capital (MPK) will be given by- rIndia/ rUS= (yIndia / yUS)^(ÃŽ ² -1)/ ÃŽ ². Plugging the data from 1988 in, we find that the marginal product of India should be 58 times that of the USA, as a result of which all investment should flow from the US to India. This is where the paradox lies-in reality such flows are not observed. The law of diminishing returns implies that the marginal productivity of capital will be higher in poorer countries. If this model is correct, and the capital markets are free and complete, investment should take place in India and other poor countries, and not in the USA or other richer countres... ...11. 3. Michael A. Clemens. (2002). Do Rich Countries InvestLess in Poor Countries thanthe Poor Countries Themselves?†. Available: www.jstor.com. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 4. Jonathan Eaton Mark Gersovitz Joseph E. Stiglitz. (1986). THE PURE THOERY OF COUNTRY RISK. Available: http://www.nber.org/papers/w1894.pdf. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 5. Wei, Shang-Jin. (2000). Local Corruption and Global Capital FlowsComment and Discussion. Available: www.jstor.com. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 6. Ays ¸e Y. Evrensel. (2004). Lending to developing countries revisited: changing nature of lenders and payment problems. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6W8Y-4DS906V-1-1&_cdi=6667&_user=128590&_pii=S0939362504000615&_origin=search&_coverDate=09/01/2004&_sk=999719996&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkWA&md5. Last accessed 20th Jan 2011. 7. Lecture Notes

Island of the Blue Dolphins

Island Of The Blue Dolphins I believe that Karana should have jumped rather than stayed on the boat. I think this because it shows her love for her brother, secondly she does it because she feels like she has to protect her younger brother and lastly it is an unselfish act to do. Firstly, Karana should jump because it shows she loves her brother. The thought going through her mind was that she should jump for your younger brother. The love that Karana and her younger brother had for one another should make her jump. For example in a situation like Karana's it is the right thing to go back for her little brother, Karana was going through painful thoughts like the thoughts that her little brother may die. This would make anyone jump. Secondly, she does this because she feels the need to protect her younger brother. Karana is the type of person who would do anything if she had a older or younger sibling in danger or wounded. So in this type of situation in which her younger brother needs a big sisters help, Karana would be doing anything possible to get to her little brother like jumping off the boat. I felt as if I had been gone a long time as I stood there looking down from the high rock. I was happy to be home. Everything I saw- the otter playing in the kelp, the rings of foam around the rocks guarding the harbour, the gulls flying, the tides moving past the sandpit filled me with happiness. A qoute from the novel. (Scott O'Dell) Finally, it was an unselfish act towards her brother. Because if Karana did not have jumped her younger brother would've felt useless with nothing to live for and unfortunately killed himself. Even if Karana hadn't of jumped she would have felt selfish and she would have lost all the love and sympathy that her brother had for her. The love that they had for each other drove Karana to do the most unselfish and Christian act that any human would be able to do. In conclusion, Karana did what was best for her and everyone else. It must have been one of the hardest choices any person could ever make but in Karana made the best of choices. This shows the courage and ability Karana had to do to be able to save and be with her younger brother. A Matter of Life or Death Mrs Hicks EN505 Matt Oakford Week 5-Week 8

High Stakes Testing Essay

Tests are a very important tool for measuring achievement; therefore, they should be part of a system which provides equitable learning access to all students. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2002 (NCLB) which requires states to develop accountability systems and provide assessment of the students’ performance in order to receive federal funding accordingly has led to the necessity of implementing large-scale testing. The goal of using these types of tests can be considered praiseworthy if – the tests are designed in such a way that all students are tested on a curriculum they have had a fair opportunity to learn (especially racial and ethnic minority students or students with a disability or limited English proficiency) – the tests are scored properly, taking into account that the test scores of those students with limited English skills should be interpreted in accordance with those limitations – the tests are used appropriately. For example, a test that has been validated only for diagnosing strengths and weaknesses of individual students should not be used to evaluate the educational quality of a school. The public schools of North Carolina, for example, carry a very high-stakes accountability program known as â€Å"The New ABCs of Public Education. † which has had a major impact on curriculum, instruction, assessment, and school personnel throughout the state. The program requires: End-of-Grade Tests (3-8 and 10), End-of-Course Tests (on Algebra I, Algebra II, Biology, Chemistry, Civics & Economics, English I, Geometry, Physical Science, Physics, U. S. History, NCCLAS ), Tests of Computer Skills, Competency Tests, Writing Assessments Grades 4, 7, and 10, IDEA ® English Language Proficiency Tests. Each North Carolina school, as well as any school in any other state has to give itself an annual report card, with assessment results broken down by poverty, race, ethnicity, High Stakes Testing 2 disability, and English-language proficiency. In this way, the race for more and better information about school performance sets off. More attention should be paid to the quality of data educational authorities receive as it is a fact that there are schools which are painting a picture prettier than reality, thus misleading authorities, taxpayers and what is even worse, keeping students trapped in low quality institutions. Under NCLB, if schools fail to make adequate yearly progress on state tests for three consecutive years, students can use federal funds to transfer to higher-performing public or private schools, or to obtain supplemental education services from providers of their choice but this could not be possible if the low-quality institutions they attend remain invisible under misleading reports of pretended excellence. In many districts, raising test scores are the most important indicators of school improvement so teachers feel the pressure to ensure that test scores go up. Knowing that schools that fail for four to five consecutive years may face state takeovers, have their staffs replaced, or be bid out to private management some teachers narrow the curriculum and teach only what is covered on the test. There are many issues that should be taken into account when it comes to evaluating high stake assessment. One of them is the reliability of high stake tests which is definitely at risk when large subject domains (mathematics, language arts) are measured with relatively few questions and a narrow focus on skills and knowledge. Major decisions like getting a diploma or being promoted to the next grade require a balance of information including in-class performance, interviews, observation, projects, and class work. Perhaps the most important critical claim is that standardized tests do not measure critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, and other similar important aspects of intelligence. Students who are perfectly intelligent can perform poorly in high-stakes testing, and this can have serious consequences for the student as well as his or her school. High Stakes Testing 3 In my opinion, the first of the three most important issues in high stakes testing is the type of test used. Large-scale high-stakes testing programs are primarily focused on serving the goals of norming and selection rather than student mastery of content and problem-solving (Pellegrino, Chudowsky, & Glaser, 2001). These two types of testing are almost impossible to reconcile. A second issue of great importance is assessment of learning versus assessment for learning (Stiggins, 2002) There is a distinction between high-stakes testing (assessment of learning) and the formative assessment techniques that teachers may use throughout the year to foster learning (assessment for learning). In the case of the former, the goal of the test is to measure what students know or can do. In the case of the latter, the goal of the test is to provide information that will improve student learning. The third most important issue is, in my opinion, the test / curriculum adjustment. Appropriate assessments measure the objectives set out at the classroom level and at the same time reflect curriculum (or content) that has been selected to reach the specified objectives. To sum up, any decision about a student’s continued education, such as retention, tracking, or graduation, should not be based only on the results of a single test, but should include other relevant and valid information. The classroom is the realm of the teacher. State tests do not tell teachers how to teach, they suggest what should be taught, so there is no reason why students cannot learn how to think critically, solve problems or develop their creativity. State tests are taken at the end of the year or course, so teachers have the opportunity to diagnose their students’ needs and work on their improvement so that by the time they sit for the tests they can feel confident and succeed as expected. It is only fair to use test results in high-stakes decisions when students have had a real opportunity to master the materials upon which the test is based and this cannot be achieved without an active and professional teacher.

Kudler Fine Food Essay

Kudler Fine Food is the fast growing fine food specialty business that was established in 1998, and at each of their stores the company first initially selected Microsoft Access as their AIS to track employees, customer, inventory, orders, and sales. Kudler’s products have perishable inventory that must be properly tracked. This brief will evaluate database tables from an accounting perspective. In addition, gives recommendations for improvement, pivot table, and entity relationship diagram will help the company have a better decision-making process. Assessment of the design elements of the data tables from an accounting perspective. Data Table analysis is vital to the success of the business, the data given in these tables is available for the end user to determine how much inventory is available and when it require to order more inventory. The purpose of the data tables will arranges the financial data into department, financial codes, items, and sums of total amount of transaction. Data table get the most out of the informational and visual presentation for the financial data. The user of the data can easily to identify the item belongs to certain department and how many items were received at the given cost for a certain period. In addition, the data allows in finding quantity and total amount on hand for an item and calculating average price of the item. Kudler Fine Foods data tables the company has now, organized per department and location by a general codes in a general ledger. For example the codes differentiated per department, product, and locations, in addition, the first two digits show the location (10) La Jolla, (11) Del Mar, (12) Encinitas, the second show the department (15) Bakery, (16) Meat & Seafood, (17) Produce, (18) Cheese & dairy, (19) Wine. Last, the two digits will show the product (20) imported cheeses, and in the ledger codes each location inventory will be broken down into different department. The inventory data table and general ledger use will not give enough information to the end user of the total cost remaining from the inventory list. The user that is preparing to order items will not know how much inventory is available to order (Wiley & Sons, 2004). An Entity relationship diagram will show the hierarchy of how data reviewed by the end users, and the information represented the entity relationship diagrams includes the company entities and relationship among them. Entity relationship diagrams have for symbols: the entities are represented by a diamonds to describe relationship, the entity is described by ovals, characteristics, and connecting lines illustrates relationships. The entity relationship diagram will demonstrate the hierarchy shapes presented by rectangles, ovals, diamonds, and connecting lines. As an example of (Code: 021520) location Del Mar department is (18) Cheese & dairy, and the product is imported cheeses. The code number will give the purchaser, inventory item, summary item, and the total amount available in the inventory of the item. The data table gives the company accurate information needed for the company to sell the item. The recommendation for improvements to the Kudler Fine Foods data tables, the pivot table is a two-dimensional statistical summary of database information. The database information can be improved by arranging the codes, and categorize the data by compiling the list of product inventory levels. This improvement will simplify the monitoring of items for a department that has different product to sell. Data sorting should allow visualizing of the data faster and finding the information management need to make effective decisions ((Wiley & Sons, 2004). In addition, the improvement of the data tables will give more information to the end users. The data table needs to give substantial information for the decision-making process from management. The improved data-base needs to have the cost and quantity available for effective decisions to be made by management. As an example Del Mar Kudler Fine Food location has $700 of inventory of cheeses available the code is 021520, however it is unknown on the exact quantity. The improvements of the data-base will include the quantity, cost of each unit, and the total available. Creating accurate information will help management know if the stock is low or high with accurate information makes effective decision-making for the company (Wiley & Sons, 2004). Conclusion Presently Kudler’s advised some improvement required to their nventory data table and Kudler’s should update the database with data tables that allow them easily to access and calculate optimal inventory levels for each store. The upgrade will provide quality of data and eliminate redundant information. Kudler Fine Foods values the level customer service that the company has strived to give a high level. Data tables will be monitored to elevate errors, improve accuracy for the company success in growth. Improvements of the data-base are essential for management to make effective decisions for effective customer satisfaction. Pivot tables will allow quick access to vital data.

Downfall of Macbeth Essay

The tragedy of â€Å"Macbeth,† by William Shakespeare, follows the fall of Macbeth from a man in a position of power with a contented life, to a man with nothing but â€Å"mouth honor† and a corrupted soul. In this essay, I wish to show to what extent Macbeth’s tragedy was his own fault. The downfall of Macbeth begins early on in the play when he and Banquo (a fellow Scottish noble) meet the witches. The witches waylay Macbeth and Banquo whilst they were on their way to meet Duncan, King of Scotland. They decide to listen to the witches, out of sheer curiosity. The three witches greet Macbeth as â€Å"Thane of Glamis†, the title he already holds, and begin to tell the two nobles of things to come, and prophesies that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor, and the King of Scotland. Macbeth asks how they know of his current title, and laughs at the following two prophesies. The witches ignore his questions, and tell Banquo of how he will not be king, but his sons will be kings. Instead of just ignoring the witches, the statement of his current title intrigues Macbeth and he follows the witches to try and get them to tell him more. Stay you imperfect speakers, tell me more† says Macbeth, showing that he is indeed interested in what the witches have to say. The witches disappear, and Macbeth dismisses them, and he and Banquo ride off. The witches appearance, and Macbeth becoming intrigued may amount to his downfall, but I believe that they were merely the ‘helping hand’ for Macbeth who’s own weak will and other events where the catalyst for his eventual death. At this point, Macbeth is still a highly respected man, and is about to get more respect from Duncan, for defending Scotland from the invading forces of Norway. The messengers who tell Duncan of Macbeth’s deeds portray him as a man of great courage, who showed no fear in the battles. Duncan sends a messenger to tell Macbeth of his reward for his great deeds. Two messengers to greet Macbeth with the news of Duncan’s reward: he is to be made Thane of Cawdor. â€Å"Why do you dress me in borrowed robes? † asks the startled Macbeth, as the messengers begin to explain how the last Thane of Cawdor was helping the Norwegians invade. Aside, he says, â€Å"Two truths are told, as happy prologues to the swelling act†¦Ã¢â‚¬  obviously relating to the first two prophecies the witches made. He now asks Banquo, aside, whether or not he believes the witches now that Macbeth’s second prophecy has come true. Banquo says he is wary and that he really doesn’t want anything to do with these witches, but he will merely sit back and let the prophecies run their course. Macbeth seemingly decides to follow Banquo’s idea, and makes an agreement with himself â€Å"If chance will have me king, why, chances may crown me, without my stir†. Macbeth decides to write to his wife and tell her of his new title, a fatal mistake in my opinion, since his wife reacts to the letter in a totally unexpected way. All of a sudden, Lady Macbeth decides to make a push to get her husband to make the effort to fulfil the third prophecy. Meanwhile, Duncan names his son as the next king, and Macbeth becomes bitter, and looks towards the prophecies for his next move; â€Å"That is a step on which I must fall down, or else o’erleap†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Clearly Macbeth has decided that he will now ‘stir’, and make some move to become king. Back with Lady Macbeth at Macbeth’s castle, she is reading Macbeth’s letter. She reads about his new title, and the mentions of the witches’ prophecies. Lady Macbeth first starts off by thinking about how she can get her husband to become a king, and concludes that she’ll have to make some effort to get her husband to do whatever it takes to get him to be king. A messenger, who brings news that Duncan wishes to stay at Macbeth’s castle, interrupts her thoughts. Lady Macbeth decides, almost instantly, that she will persuade her husband to kill Duncan so he can become king. Whilst in the middle of her thoughts, Macbeth returns home. They talk, and Lady Macbeth brings up the subject of getting rid of Duncan so he can be king. Macbeth appears shocked although was secretly thinking the same thing, and tries to dismiss the idea. Underneath, however, he wants to go along with the idea so he can become king. His underlying motives become clear when he decides that he will do the evil thing, and is going to kill Duncan. â€Å"We will speak further,† he says, making his intentions apparent to the audience. Although unsure, he will not totally dismiss the idea, and is even considering it. Lady Macbeth now knows that she has him within her grasp, nd she will now make sure that she wins him completely over. In my opinion, not making his mind up creates a chance for Lady Macbeth. She sees this uncertainty and later exploits his unwillingness to make decisions. A short while later, Duncan arrives, accompanied by all of his Thanes. They all feast, and drink to the success of the battle against Norway. As the night wears on, Macbeth has to time to contemplate the consequences of killing Duncan. Macbeth makes the moral decision not to proceed saying; â€Å"We will proceed no further in this business. He (Duncan) hath honoured me of late, and I have bought golden opinions from all sorts of people, which would be worn now in the newest gloss, not cast aside so soon†. Macbeth attempts to give excuse for not proceeding, but fails to give any proper reasons for it. The only advantage he sees for not killing Duncan is that he respects him, and by killing him it would be disrespecting him. I believe that this is not a valid reason for committing murder, and shows Macbeth’s underlying ambition to become king. By putting forward pithy excuses Macbeth makes his ambition very clear to the reader. Lady Macbeth is not swayed by his pathetic excuses, and she knows that secretly, Macbeth wants the same things she does. In an attempt to convince Macbeth to continue with the plan, she first insults his manhood â€Å"When you durst do it, you were a man; And to be more than what you were, you would be so much more the man†¦Ã¢â‚¬ and accuses him of being cowardly for not sticking to the plan. She then attacks his ego further by saying â€Å"From this time such I account thy love† and accuses him of not loving her. For Macbeth, this is the final straw, and he gives in. Lady Macbeth plans the murder. When Macbeth goes to murder Duncan, he still doubts himself, and even starts seeing things as he approaches Duncan’s room. Upon committing the murder, Macbeth finds himself in a state. Lady Macbeth attempts to clean him up, and make him appear well, but now Macbeth has lost all control. This murder of Duncan leads to the destruction of Macbeth. Aware of any possible opposition, Macbeth begins spying and murdering people. There are also psychological problems that Macbeth has which lead to his destruction. This is shown by his brief madness after Banquo’s murder when he sees Banquo’s ghost. The tragedy ends when Macbeth is slain by Macduff who, with many others, find out about what horrific things Macbeth has done. Macbeth begins to get paranoid about Banquo, and feels that he should be killed so as to stop him from being exposed. â€Å"So is he mine; and in such bloody distance that every moment of his being thrusts against my nearest life;† Macbeth says, aware that the only way to truly silence Banquo is to have him killed. At the banquet scene, Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost, showing that he has indeed gone mad. Even in insanity, he feels guilty. â€Å"Avaunt, and quit my sight! Let the earth hide thee! † he says, his conscience acting on him and showing his remorse. Macbeth has finally gone mad, and it was all due to his ambition and want to be king. He goes on to become entirely evil, as he visits the witches again and again, seeking solace for his crimes, and answers to his impending doom. He begins to stop feeling remorse and guilt for his actions, and eventually becomes a cruel, twisted man. His wife falls ill, and he shows no compassion towards her, instead saying everything would be better once she is dead. This is near the end of the play and where Macbeth slowly returns from his evil side, feeling remorse for his actions finally. When the English army and Macduff advance on his castle he becomes the courageous Macbeth once again, and when he finally comes to fight Macduff, he is back to the brave and bold Macbeth at the start of the play. With his wife dead, he feels more able to do what he wants. The main people to blame for Macbeth’s tragedy were his wife, and Macbeth himself, and this is shown all the way through the play (Lady Macbeth willing him to murder, Macbeth being easily convinced etc) there some unfortunate circumstances that contributed to Macbeth’s downfall, such as Duncan making his son king instead of Macbeth, and Duncan putting his trust in Macbeth by coming to his castle, but none were as major a cause as Macbeth’s personality fault and his manipulative wife. To conclude, the blame for Macbeth’s tragedy should be placed on his head and his wife’s, due to his personality defect (ambition and a weak will) and her persuasiveness (pushing him to fulfil his ambition). The combination of these two defects and Duncan staying at Macbeth’s castle caused the entire play and tragedy to unfold.

Gross domestic product Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gross domestic product - Assignment Example In this case, the GDP acts as a clue in matters pertinent to financial wealth of the country through measuring standard of living in a given country. Consequently, every country develops interest in knowing about the GDP correlations to ensure a boost in the wellbeing. Some of these GDP correlations realized in every country are happy index, crime rate, corruption, income and if the country is developed or developing. it is intrinsic to gain the knowledge about how these factors affect the GDP in order to tailor projects that can restore a nation. Many studies have been carried out both having the aim of testing the hypothesis presented in the paper. Through carrying out a study on the GDP of different countries, the researchers give their prediction on whether the factors are likely to increase on reduce the GDP. Andrew E Clark and Claudia Senik presents study which shows that happiness index and income have impact on the GDP. The variables in play were income, happiness index and GDP. They confirm the availability of correlation between the factors and the former. In order to test their hypothesis, the authors verified the significant relationship between happiness index and income of a country. Evidently, they found that increase in happiness index insinuates that income is also likely to increase on the other hand. The authors assert that happiness of psychological importance to the citizens, especially in their endeavors of increasing their income (Clark and Claudia, 20). The study also showed that income has a significant relationship with GDP as can be shown by the correlation presented. The study concluded that the income affects the well-being in an indomitable way regardless of other factors. Clarifying the results, the study indicates that income improves a country’s ability to adapt. In a study carried out by the J.

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 39

Case Study - Essay Example Hence, training will make him learn how to stay composed and calm when he faces a stressor, and he will prove to be confident and solemn. Don should also encourage Gary to focus on his strengths and shine his capabilities that he has, through practicing them. 2. It is all about employee development. Employee development is a kind of strategy that employers adopt to increase employees’ knowledge, talents, and expertise in particular areas they work in. It is important for Don to create a balance between Gary’s individual career objectives and organizational milestones, in order to make him achieve employee development. Don should use techniques of training, coaching and empowerment (Ellinger at al.) to enhance Gary’s development as a leader. Employee development activities that Don should use include: (1) stress-coping training courses in work time, (2) work-based development activity in work time, (3) career planning activity in work time or in Gary’s own time, and (4) voluntary learning in Gary’s own time (Birdi, Allan and Warr). All of these development activities will produce beneficial results and commitment to work. If Don is training Gary himself, then the training aids that he can use include: pr esentations, slides, projectors, movies, charts, graphs, flash cards, pictograms, handbooks, manuals, libraries, internet, reading rooms, posters, and enlarged drawings. 3. Certain techniques help employees to bring out their leadership skills and learn new one. For example, teamwork creates such an environment in which employees can learn new leadership skills and competencies (Gallie et al.). This is because the employer distributes tasks on multi-functional basis, requiring different people with different skill sets. This system of work organization requires employees to work on a collaborative platform on

Impact of Financial Losses for GM Auto Manufacturers Essay

Impact of Financial Losses for GM Auto Manufacturers - Essay Example By mid-century, the automobile was a necessity in every U. S. household, and GM led the way with Ford and Chrysler close behind. The Big Three controlled the industry from Detroit, Michigan. According to Wikipedia, the period from 1960-1985 was perhaps the "greatest in GM's history, as it eventually held slightly over 50% of the U.S. Market" (General Motors, 2006, 2.3). At the time, it was all about status, having the most popular brand. Unfortunately, in the mid 1990s, a downward spiral began, which has yet to be resolved for American car makers. It could have been predicted in 1984 when a joint venture between GM and Toyota gave Toyota an opportunity to establish a base in the United States and avoid newly established tariff on foreign pick-up trucks. Toyota's growth has accelerated ever since, with a $4.1 billion dollar gain in 2005 compared with GM's $10.6 billion dollar loss ( Solman, 2006). In a recent PBS interview, GM CEO Rich Wagoner noted that restructuring is taking place in the company in an effort to "compete in the global auto industry and global economy" (Solman, 2006, par. 12). He claims that the company is launching new products, and accelerating the application of biofuels E85. Wagoner also mentions a "breakthrough" health care deal with United Auto Workers (UAW) and the major restructuring of GMAC. With attrition and plant closings, he is optimistic that the company will be more streamlined and better able to compete globally. What sounds like positive action, however, definitely has its down side, with employees about to be faced with increased co-pay for health care and pharmacy and heavy job losses as plants close down. The company's "failure to foresee drop in demand for gas-guzzling SUVs, slow entry into hybrid market and Toyota's reputation for high quality" puts them behind in the race for market share (Kellar, 2006, par. 2). Micheline Maynard, Detroit bureau chief for The New York Times, claims in her book, The End of Detroit (2003) that by focusing on high-profit light trucks, American automakers, including General Motors, turned its back on people wanting to own cars rather than trucks and opened the door to Toyota, Honda and Hyundai. Consumers retaliated by turning their backs on trucks and purchasing foreign-brand cars. General Motors obviously does not look beyond present trends to what the future might bring. Krolicki's Reuters article (2006) is only one of several news stories (Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg, CNW) reporting the bankruptcy of Delphi, one of GM's most important suppliers, which, along with GMAC filing errors, brought about even more losses in 2005 than had been previously noted. In keeping with General Motors' short-term goals to increase market share, Associated Press writer Dee-Ann Durbin recently announced the company's gas-price

Human Sexuality-Response Post to Classmates Essay

Human Sexuality-Response Post to Classmates - Essay Example However, with the passage of time, they learn the importance of these attributes. The writer has changed his stance in the next paragraph saying that individuals seek honesty, loyalty, confidence, and sense of humor in the opposite gender. This is totally different from what the writer said in the first paragraph. May be the writer is talking about the middle adulthood when the value of loyalty, sincerity, and other such attributes overshadow the importance of physical attraction. The writer has also talked about the assumed roles of men and women. About the question of same-sex relationships, the writer has said that same sex partners usually look for love because for such people the value of love is more than any other thing even if that love is with some person of the same sex. Moreover, the writer has given examples of a movie and of is own parents revealing the importance of love in relationships. Summing it up, I would say that the overall approach to the discussion questions was good and the discussion was based on facts. This post has been written in a succinct and simple way. For example, the author has briefly answered the question about characteristics that men and women look for in each other. He has written that desires for the other partner change with the passage of time. I think it is absolutely true because at a young age, preferences for both men and women for the partner form the opposite gender are different than what they are as a person ages. The author has mentioned that men do not seek for looks in the partner. I do not agree with this because young men mostly look for physical beauty. However, the author has correctly mentioned that women look for love when they are young and look for a supportive and fatherly figure when they start getting older and mature. About same sex relationships, the author has said

Recommendations of Sab Miller Company Research Paper

Recommendations of Sab Miller Company - Research Paper Example e problem is the alcohol encouragement that is not appreciated, meaning that they will have to refocus on their sales, advertising, and marketing skills for the Asian market and attempt different combinations and permutations to acquire the market (Visser, 2005). For instance, SABMiller can extent their brand name through the strategy of first selling packaged drinking water to create awareness and in future introduce to the market their rationalized brands. They can as well stress on maximizing zero waste processes which would be very essential for future environmental conditions bearing in mind the current worrying rate of global warming. Nevertheless, it is true that idealism is an enemy of new deals and the company should thus incorporate this strategy into the system as opposed to merely making it a major concern (Armstrong, Segal & Davis, 2006). For a long time now, SAB has been faced with the societal concerns over its brewery and alcoholic drink sales, but this does not mean that the company has to stop its operations in the business. They only have to take some steps into consideration. For example, according to the company’s Executive Director Corporate Affairs and Transformation, Mr. Vincent Maphai, the firm is aware of the reputation and it, together with the alcohol industry is concerned about the government and societal worries about alcohol abuse. In this regard, it is rational to recommend that partnership of SAB with the government, the traders, the civil society, and the industry at large can be the best way out in addressing the harm that is brought about by alcohol especially in South Africa (Chang, 2009). As per the company analysis, it is evident that wherever the company has worked with provincial government and public departments, they have seen tremendous results. SAB executives ought to remain ope n to discussions with government agencies at all levels in pursuit of tangible ways of reducing the beliefs about alcohol intake and the

Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Article Review - Essay Example Building unity and a strong team ethic becomes even more difficult when employees are from diverse cultural, racial and ethnic backgrounds. A seasoned manager would then try to answer the question: ‘How can teams be supported more effectively?’ In trying to answer this question, managers will have to look into many areas of the organization, including â€Å"organizational culture, managers and management practices, policies, procedures, work practices, reward systems, resources, task parameters, types of people assigned to teams, etc†. (Bandow, 2001, p.42) While some of these parameters are easy to work on, instilling a sense of trust is a much more challenging task. The concept of structured trust is particularly relevant to creating sound teamwork: â€Å"standardized processes, contracts and other verbal and written agreements can all serve as forms of structured trust, and managers can facilitate teams to help establish trust structures.† (Bandow, 2001, p.42) Bandow goes on to list more questions that managers need to answer as a way of building sound teamwork.

The origins of international terrorism targeting the United States Essay

The origins of international terrorism targeting the United States - Essay Example It is â€Å"political and symbolic†, â€Å"a clandestine resistance to authority.†1 ITERATE’s definition of international terrorism is the following: â€Å"the use or threat of use of anxiety-inducing violence for political purposes, by any individual or group with the intent to influence the attitudes and behavior of a wider target group.†2 Again in this definition we see key words ‘threat,’ ‘anxiety,’ ‘political,’ ‘target group’ which were highlighted above. Defining terrorism is important to follow its origins. Though the phenomenon of terrorism is â€Å"highly diverse† and â€Å"deeply contested concept,†3 which embraces a number of different actions on behalf of certain grouping or states, in this paper we focus on the issue of why United States has been serving a target of international terrorist actions. The research into the psychology of terrorism is also important for understanding the sources of terrorism directed against the U.S. Since the outburst of terrorist actions, most researches were interested with psychology of terrorism. Some interpreted it as â€Å"a form of madness with perhaps an underlying physical disorder.† Some researches related terrorism with â€Å"nervous over-excitement of the period† resulting in â€Å"exaggerated individualism and the spread of decadent literature.† There were attempts to explain terrorism with fluctuations of barometric pressure, moon phases, alcoholism and droughts. 4 Terrorism was explained by personality disorders in particular narcissism or paranoia. Terrorists were viewed as abnormal, different psychologically from general public. This viewpoint was supported by a number of authors. Post (1990) and Pearlstein (1991), who believed that "the individual who becomes and remains a political terrorist generally appears to be psychologically molded by certain narcissistic personality disturbances" (p. ix).5 However, most terrorism researchers do not account

Roots of Mccarthyism in the Late 40s and Early 50s Essay Example for Free

Roots of Mccarthyism in the Late 40s and Early 50s Essay Though the Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA) peaked with it’s highest number of members in 1940-1941, with 750,000 members, by this area in time it was looked down upon. It had, earlier in the decade, been a successful agent against fascism and a huge help in the advancement and creation of labor unions, and for that reason people were joining it. However, many people were becoming communists unknowingly just by attending meetings where they were given free food (a big draw to people in an era directly following the Great Depression). In the late 1940’s and early 1950’s American’s were very scared that communism would influence our country. This period of time was referred to as ‘the second red scare’. Americans had seen the way that Russia had been transformed by communism, and did not want their country to undergo the same changes. Communism was a scary concept at the time, and it was something that we as a country definitely did not want any part of. In the late 1930’s, an organization was formed called the House Un-American Activities Community. This community made up of members of the United States House of Representatives, was formed in order to protect Americans against communism influence and was responsible for investigating any allegations that were made about communist activity. Despite this groups efforts the United States was still in heightened fear of Communist overtaking or the possibility of becoming a nation similar to that of Russia’s. Senator Joseph McCarthy was a US senator from Wisconsin during this time period. He served for ten years, from 1947 until his death in 1957. He is most well-known for being particularly paranoid of communist efforts, regularly accusing people of communist behavior when none existed. He accused large amounts of people, mostly government workers, claiming that they were Soviet spies and communist sympathizers. By 1950, the term ‘McCarthyism’ was coined. The term refers to the practice of accusing people of treason, disloyalty, and other related things with no grounds and little or no evidence. The term is still used today and generally refers to political corruption, in which an important political leader makes false accusations about a certain group of people. A few events took place in 1949 and 1950 that spurred McCarthyism and the second red scare to occur. First, the Soviet Union (a very communist-dominated country) tested an atomic bomb in 1949. This was much earlier than Americans had expected them to come out with this technology. At this point, we realized that communist countries were more advanced than we had prior thought. In 1950, the Korean War broke out. The United States, along with the UN and South Korea, battled against communist countries, furthering our hatred and fear towards them. In the meantime, many cases of soviet spies came out. More and more ‘Americans’ were found to actually be spies from Russia and the Soviet Union. As the increase of found spies became more prevalent, people continued to point fingers and adopt an accusatory towards many government officials and become abnormally suspicious. Senator McCarthy made a list of all of the people who he claimed had been involved in communist behavior. This list was called the Black List, and was made up of many writers, artists, government officials, and other people important to society. On February 9, 1950, McCarthy gave a public speech revealing the people on the list. He claimed that 205 people were on this list, but later reduced it to just 57. Though some of the people on the list were in fact engaged in communist behavior, others were simply engaging in lifestyles that McCarthy himself had biases against and lumped into the list. Some of these behaviors included sexual deviance, alcoholism, and political decisions not aligned with McCarthy’s own. After being found to be on McCarthy’s list, the accused were brought to trial and vigorously questioned. The only way that mercy would be shown to them, regardless of guilt or innocence, was to accuse other people. This led to more and more people being accused and convicted unrightfully and unnecessarily. The effect of these trials was detrimental to people in many professions in the public eye. Many entertainers lost their jobs as a result of the public degradation. President Dwight Eisenhower decided to take a stand against McCarthyism when the senator began bringing military men into the accusatory trials. McCarthy publically announced that many members of the United States Army were personally involved in communist activity. Eisenhower was very involved in the military, a graduate of West Point himself, and when McCarthy took steps to slander the Secretary of the Army, he felt that it was the final straw and that steps needed to be taken to stop the epidemic. Also, in bringing in the military to his slanderous accusations, it was at this point that McCarthy lost much of his hype and once popular power. Involving army journalists, Eisenhower ran a story exploiting some of the hidden agendas of McCarthy in December of 1953. In March of 1954, upon Eisenhower’s instructions, vice president Richard Nixon gave a speech indirectly chastising McCarthy. He said, Men who have in the past done effective work exposing Communists in this country have, by reckless talk and questionable methods, made themselves the issue rather than the cause they believe in so deeply,† (Spartacus). Following the presidential lead, many leaders in the press began to fight against McCarthyism. People who had wanted to speak out for a long time but had been too afraid were now gaining confidence to do so and momentum was building. Eventually, McCarthy lost the chairmanship of the Government Committee on Operations of the Senate. Some feel that this marked the end of McCarthyism, and consequently America’s hysterical fear of communism infiltrating the country. However, others feel that this response did not happen as a result of McCarthy’s demotion, and not until the close of the Cold War. While most support was against McCarthyism in this era, there were few supporters and supporting groups of this institution and its suspicious allegations. Many of these supporters came in the form of women only anti-communist groups. Examples of these groups were Minute Women of the USA and American Public Relations Forum. Another group, which was not only for women, was the American Legion. They were well known veteran supporters who also showed much interest in the spread of McCarthyism. While these groups made up a large part of the supporters of the McCarthy sequence, the largest amount of help came in the form of the far-right radicals. They generally opposed international relations, specifically the United Nations, and were even against many of the social welfare programs. Particularly those thought out by the new deal, many of these McCarthyism supporters had a general opposition to programs that fought to reduce â€Å"the inequalities to the social structure of the United States.†

Program assessment Essay Example for Free

Program assessment Essay Assessment is not only about measuring and finding faults, instead it should be based on the mainly ways of program improvement in order to achieve desired results. Learning should be adjusted to cater for the different needs of students, therefore assessment should assist in identifying which programs should be wiped out, which should be improved and which should be introduced. The CAS Standards has introduced several programs which can be used to improve students learning. Some of these include group or team theory and step learning. Group theory advocates for students to learn as a group, this is because students can be able to discuss together their weaknesses and also ensure all students participate in learning activities better. Step learning is also an essay program that can be implemented in leaning. The program involves designing learning in stages where students must follow as a learning process. NACADA is another body which has advocated for several core values to assist students; good examples include motivation, confidence and self discipline. These cores ensure a student is able to learn with little guidance. In addition it assists the students to be able to work smart in all their learning activities. The assessment procedure will therefore be expected to improve the learning process to be able to cater for all the students. The assessment will also ensure students abilities are maximized.